Category Archives: 6502

Junior Elektor, from base to full system
The Junior Computer hardware and software is described in detail in the books and articles, see there for details.
On the following pages the essential information about the different parts are described: circuit diagrams, articles, ROM source and binaries etc.
It starts with a simple SBC: the base Junior. And it ends with a complete floppy disk and video based computer: the full Junior.
- Elektor Junior : base system
- Power Supply Unit
- Mini EPROM card and ESS511 ROM
- Elektor bus
- Elekterminal
- Junior Interface card
- 16/64K dynamic RAM card
- EPROMmer EPS82010
- Universal Memory card, 83014
- VDU Videocard
- Junior KB9 Basic
- Floppy disk interface
- OS65D
- Assemblers used in sources
Note that the Junior has the Elektor bus and could use a lot of the cards developed later for the EC65/Octobus, but memory layout differences may require adaptations. Study articles and books, lots and lots of subtle changes required in every step.
Thanks to many contributors, for ROMs and information! Philippe Roca, Philippe Roehr, Keith Robinson, Guus Assmann, the people at forum.system-cfg.com , VzEkC e. V. (classic-computing.de), Bram Prosman, Ian Lockhart. If forget someone, I want to thank you!
Memory layout
An attempt to show the meory map of a fully enhanced Junior system.
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus
Junior Nederlands
Nederlandstalige artikelen uit Elektuur 1980 en later.
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1980 First article Junior Computer March 1980 in color PDF file of the first two (dutch) articles 3-26 and 4-72 with the complete hardware design All other Elektuur Junior articles 1980 March 1980 Junior-computer The introduction article 4-72 Junior-computer hexadecimal monitor dump 5-66 KIM Gebruikers Club promotion! nogmaals: junior-computer nog wat aanvullende gegevens 6-56 elektuur uP systemen 8-26 RS 232 interface 9-48 RAM/EPROM kaart 8K RAM + 4,8,16K EPROM 10-42 meer junior-geheugen, memory decode for RAM/EPROM card 11-71 Junior groeit! |
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1981 All other Elektuur Junior articles 1981 2-54 junior-tekst, show text on led displays 3-54 junior-journaal, practical tips 4-41 Junior-hardware kompleet (PDF file) 4-52 junior-software aangevuld 5-56 junior-uitbreidingen bouwrijp (PDF file) 6-53 Junior Computer als Voltmeter (G.Sullivan) 10-53 EPROM-Programmer 12-46 pseudo-ROM |
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1982 1-58 EPROMmer (P.R. Boldt) All Elektuur Junior articles 1982 3-47 Junior spreekt Basic, adapt KIM KB-9 Basic to Junior 4-46 mini-EPROM-kaart 4-50 dynamische RAM-kaart 5-39 Software-uitpluizer (disassembler) 5-62 PSS Prive Software Service (EPROMmer) 5-67 Mini-teller met microprocesssor 7-59 Junior-vektoren ophalen (R. Mattysek) 7-46 single-cycle voor junior-computer (E.Kytzia) 9-74 konnektie tussen basis- en interface print 10-59 Van 6502 naar 6809 11-58 Floppy-disk interface voor junior en andere 6502-computers deel 1 12-26 floppy-disk interface deel 2 (Ohio Scientific DOS) |
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1983 1-66 verkeerslichtensturing (D. Herzberg) All Elektuur Junior articles 1983 3-28 Universele geheugenkaart 5-60 morse-dekoder 5-37 junior-programmatester 5-38 ASCII keyboard 5-48 parallel-serie-omzetter voor ASCII keyboard 6-48 RTTY-dekoder 7-73 busy-indicator voor junior 7-73 Centronics interface 6522 7-79 vektor-aansturing voor junior 9-58 VDU kaart 9-66 de muzikale junior 9-74 64K op de dynamische RAM-kaart 10-57 basicode-2 voor de junior 10-72 EPROMmer zonder interfacekaart 11-68 universele terminal 12-42 Omnibus busprint 12-44 indirekte files op de junior 12-70 Bus uitbreiding de Elektuur bus |
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1984 All Elektuur Junior articles 1984 1-68 adresdekodering 2-75 Basicode-2 voor Junior met VDU-kaart 2-66 6502-tracer 3-40 Tapemonitor uitbreiding 4-53 ID-list 4-71 motorschakeling voor floppy drives 6-36 merge voor BASIC files 7-50 RES IRQ NMI indikator 7-68 2716 voor 2708 8-12 start-omleiding voor 6502 8-15 beeldruiskiller 9-72 DOS-uitbreidingen 11-33 de 6845 geprogrammeerd |
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1985 RAM als EPROM swap routine voor 6502 6502 tracer |
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1978 – 1983 Elekterminal All articles in one PDF file of issues 181 to 231 |
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus
Junior articles in English
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus

Junior en francais
Articles published in the french edition of Elektor 1980-1983.
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus

Elektor books
Books on Junior, Paperware on Junior and Computing Specials
(French covers thanks to Gerard Mizzi, English covers thanks to Ruud Baltissen, Spanish cover and scan thanks Joseba Elpalza, thanks to Frank Streichhahn for the German books, thanks to Joan from Barcelona for UK Junior book 3 )
Partial OCR’ed versions of the books can be found here, thanks to Keith Howell.
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus
KIM-1 first clones
On this page early KIM-1 clones with the, at that time, available RRIOTS.
The KIN and SuperKIM are KIM-1s because they have he KIM-1 RRIOTs. The last two, the Scandinavian Digitus and a Conversational Voice Terminal Corp one have a PCB with similar layout and sizes, real KIM-1’s with the KIM-1 RRIOTS with newer or more RAM.
- The KIN microcomputer
- Conversational Voice Terminal Corp, Chicago Illinois
The KIN microcomputer
A portable KIM-1 clone. Used in gambling it seems. 6530-003 only. 1K RAM (2x 2114), 4K EPROM (2x 2716).
Original article on this website.
PDF of the design of the KIN computer
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Conversational Voice Terminal Corp, Chicago Illinois
This one also popped up on ebay without much information. A KIM-1, PCB newly layout, 4K RAM (8x 2114 IC’s), for the rest a traditional KIM-1.
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus

KIM Clone
A KIM-1 clone build by Bob Applegate of Corsham Technologies.
The idea was replace the 6530’s with 6532 and by careful memory decoding have the I/O, timer and RAM of the 6532’s appear at the same locations as the 6530-002 and -003. ROM is added with an EPROM.
Not an exact copy in dimensions , and the ROM has been changed/enhanced/improved with a xKIM Monitor by Bob Applegate (hex upload e.g.), though the original KIM-1 ROM should work also.
The result is a high quality build, and an exact KIM-1. With many extra’s
Available assembled and tested or as a kit. I have bought the Rev 2 PCB with essential parts from Corsham to build it!
And also bought the assembled Rev 5 with expansion connector, motherboard, Proto board, KIM Clone I/O and SD/RTC Shield.
This is a dream of a 6502 development system! The SD shield has a simple interface in the xKIM monitor to load and save files on the SD, which is a FAT formatted card, Fast enough of course and easy to exchange fiiles on a PC with a cross assembler.
What you find here:
- KIM clone versions
- KIM Monitor KIM clone
- KIM Clone tips
- KIM Clone I/O board
- KIM Clone Motherboard
- KIM Clone Proto Board
- KIM Clone software
Photos of my Corsham Technologies cards:
KIM-1 RAM/ROM and I/O board connected to a KIM-1
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus

Radio Bulletin Articles
Here a selection of interesting 6502/KIM and general RB electronics/computer articles, written by me and others, (in Dutch) in Radio Bulletin in the period 1977 to 1987. Note that some articles were reprinted in the CB specials, see the RB Specials page.
Scanned full older Radio Bulletin magazines
See also:
KIM-100
MTU K-1007 PET MTU bus interface
MTU Catalogs, Product Descriptions and Newsletters
MTU K-1005 Card File and Motherboard using KIM/MTU bus

RB Specials
When I was an editor at Radio Bulletin we published several specials. Some were additions to the magazine, two specials were on sale.