To test my new HDMI 4K USB Video Capture I made two videos. Simulator running on one notebook, the other notebook with the HDMI capture dongle recording with OBS Studio.
Simple program
0200 a9 cd LDA #$CD
0203 8D 00 03 STA $0300
0206 4C 00 1C JMP MONITOR ; KIM monitor
This page is a Work in Progress since November 2022!
The clones of the KIM-1 that appeared the last years have renewed the interest of the retro scene.
Old software is restored or typed in again and adapted to the current use of serial terminal emulators and cross assemblers instead of the hardcopy Teletype interface and native assemblers of the old days.
; THE FOLLOWING ROUTINES MAY BE ENTERED VIA THE
; "GO" KEY ON THE KEYPAD.
;
; FC00 - SUPRTP - KIM CASSETTE HIGH SPEED DUMP.
; FE3B - COMPTP - ROUTINE TO COMPARE A KIM FORMAT
; CASSETTE WITH CONTENTS OF MEMORY.
; FE46 - VIEWTP - ROUTINE TO LOOK AT A KIM FORMAT
; CASSETTE WITHOUT ALTERING MEMORY.
; FE4F - LOADTP - ROUTINE TO LOAD A BLOCK IN KIM
; AUDIO CASSETTE FORMAT.
; FCEA - LDSYS - ROUTINE TO LOAD MULTIPLE BLOCKS
; INTO MEMORY REGARDLESS OF THE ID
; NUMBERS ON THE TAPE. UPON LOADING A
; BLOCK THAT BEGINS AT $EF, THE
; ROUTINE JUMPS TO ($EF).
; THE FOLLOWING ROUTINES MAY BE ENTERED VIA THE
; "GO" KEY ON THE KEYPAD.
;
; FC00 - SUPRTP - KIM CASSETTE HIGH SPEED DUMP.
; FE3B - COMPTP - ROUTINE TO COMPARE A KIM FORMAT
; CASSETTE WITH CONTENTS OF MEMORY.
; FE46 - VIEWTP - ROUTINE TO LOOK AT A KIM FORMAT
; CASSETTE WITHOUT ALTERING MEMORY.
; FE4F - LOADTP - ROUTINE TO LOAD A BLOCK IN KIM
; AUDIO CASSETTE FORMAT.
; FCEA - LDSYS - ROUTINE TO LOAD MULTIPLE BLOCKS
; INTO MEMORY REGARDLESS OF THE ID
; NUMBERS ON THE TAPE. UPON LOADING A
; BLOCK THAT BEGINS AT $EF, THE
; ROUTINE JUMPS TO ($EF).
For Focal V3D a setting has to be made in the Settings, to allow Focal to do its magic in the input routine.
By working on Focal I did add comments to the disassembly of what I found. You will find the original by Paul R. Santa-Marie and my partly commented version in the archive.
This article is written by Jeff M. Nay, about his experiments to restore a KIM-1 to working order, testing the 6530-002 RRIOT with his own KIM-1.
The challenge was to address the second 6530-002 in this setup at another address then the onboard 6530-002 RRIOT.
The experiment was a success, the 6530-002 is indeed in a bad state, the ROM is corrupt and it had to be replaced.
The KIM-1, from a friend, was in a bad state. The repair was a success also. He was able to get this old KIM-1 working again, after only having to replace, the 6502 CPU, the 6530-002 RRIOT Chip with a Corsham 6530 Replacement board, all 8 Memory Chips and the U17 7406 inverter.
Attach Breadboard to working KIM-1, using Expansion Port and using K4 and K2 from Application Port (Corsham Application Board)
NOTE: Turn all SW1 switches on CORSHAM Board Off (Or data will repeat at K1,K2,K3,K4)
I started by wiring the data lines on the 6530 to the expansion board pins 15-8.
Then the address lines to pins A-L.
Now it is just a matter of wiring the control lines correctly.
I have phase 2, pin 3 of the 6530 going to pin U of the Expansion board (Yellow)
I have pin 4 (RSO) of the 6530 going to (K4) of my Corsham Application Board – (Don’t forget pull up resistor) (Blue)
I have RES pin 16 of the 6530 wired to pin 7 (RST) of the Expansion board
I have pin 18, (CS1) on the 6530. Going to (K2) of my Corsham Application Board – (Don’t forget pull up resistor) (White)
I have Power going to pin 20 and Gnd going to pin 1
You should be able to read ROM at $1000
Looking below at the data sheet, where the address of the I/O and RAM are determined by A9-A6. This means it is not hard set for $1700 or $1740.
K5 ($1400) + A9-A6 determines where the IO of both 6530s will start and end.
I ended up using K2, which starts at $0800 + A9-A6 means my I/O registers should start at $0B40 for the 6530-002 or $0B00 for the 6530-003
I also use K4 for the ROM section of the 6530-002 which starts the ROM section at $1000
Onboard 6530s
6530-003
A9+A8 = 1100000000 = 300H to 1100111111 = 33FH
(K5) $1400+$300 Start the IO for 6530-003 at $1700.
(K5) $1400+$33F End the IO for 6530-003 at $173F
6530-002
A9+A8+A6 =1101000000=340H to 1101111111=37FH
(K5) $1400+$340 Start the IO for 6530-002 at $1740
(k5) $1400+$37F End the IO for 6530-002 at $177F
Bread Board 6530-002
6530-003
A9+A8=1100000000 =300H to 1100111111=33FH
(K2) $0800+$300 Start the IO for 6530-003 at $0B00.
(K2) $1400+$33F End the IO for 6530-003 at $0B3F
6530-002
A9+A8+A6=1101000000=340H to 1101111111=37FH
(K2) $1400+$340 Start the IO for 6530-002 at $0B40
(K2) $1400+$37F End the IO for 6530-002 at $0B7F
This is the ROM of 6530-002 breadboard being accessed at $1000 (85)
The brochure of KIM-5 etc is from Commodore, the KIM-2 RAM was already dropped for a higher capacity KIM-3B. The KIM-5 was still mentioned as product. Alas I have never seen or heard of a KIM-5 in the hands of a user. So the ROMS are lost alas.
The 6530-002 (the KIM monitor), 6530-003 (the KIM tape routines) and 6530-004 (TIM, the teletype monitor) are in the ROM of these IC’s. Developed in/for/by MOS Technology.
For TIM the Story of TIM (DEMON as Ray Holt called it) tells about Manny Lomas.
It would be nice to know more who did hardware and software design for the KIM-1 (must have been a small team since they are so intertwined) of these innovative early 6502 development.
The story should start with Chuck Peddle and his team. They developed the 6502 and supporting IC’s like 6530 (RRIOT) and 6532 (RIOT).
The story of KIM talks about Don McLaughlin, MOS Technology founder and engineering manager of the project. Peddle and a programming manager named Bob Winterhalt agreed with the idea and the three men began the design. According to MOS Technology employee Al Charpentier, John May did the actual design.
