The Story of TIM and KIM

Additions tot the TM and KIM-1 information:

The story Of TIM (documenting the work by Ray Holt and Manny Lemas

The Story of the KIM-1

(from Ch.1.5 of “On the Edge: the Spectacular Rise and Fall of Commodore”)

Commodore Chessmate: a 6530 computer

The Chessmate is a 6530 – KIM-1 like computer. Keyboard, LED display are used as in the KIM-1. Peter Jennings, who designed this chess computer with Commodore, build upon his Microchess 1. from the KIM-1, and used the extra ROM space to enhance it to Microchess 1.5: more chess features, a chess clock, sounds, dedicated keys, status LEDs.

The 6530-024 delivers the I/O and timer and RAM used by the Chessmate, the RRIOT ROM is not used by the main ROM. The dumped ROM of the 6530 (see below) contains no recognizable data or program,

It will not be that difficult to ‘clone’ this chess computer with the information here. A 6532 can easily take the role of the 6530. A 6502 instead of a 6504, same SRAM< a 2732 or similar ROM. The ROMs  are dumped, both for an Chessmate and a Novag Chess Champion MK I

Schematic, user manual, dumped ROMs here.

KIM-1 revisions

Update 24 march 2022: added KIM-1 Re v photos from HomeComputerMuseum (thanks Bart!)

The KIM-1 went trough several revisions without any change to the specifications. The first revisions appeared as MOS Technology products, the label MOS in in the front top right corner. When Commodore took over MOS late 1976 the label changed to Commodore C MOS.

MOS did three versions, the unnamed first one, a Revision A and a Rev B. I have never seen a Rev C.
Commodore MOS did Rev D to G, starting in 1977 and well into the 80ties. Many KIM-1s were sold, first to industry and later to education and hobbyists. Nowadays KIM-1s are not rare but have become quite expensive, collectors value especially the early ones with a white 6502 IC. The KIM-1 was an OEM product by Rockwell, with its Rockwell branded documentation and a Rockwell sticker at the right top part covering the Commodore MOS label. I know of at least two versions by Rockwell, a Rev D and my Rev F.

See this page for images of the revisions known to me.

KIM-1 related updates

KIM-1s, not made by Commodore but nearly identical.

More photos at the KIM-1 related page

KIM-1 keyboard repair

The KIM-1 keyboard is a special one. Made especially for the KIM-1, as you can see in the SST switch. It shows its age in the design, and looks quite familiar to the keyboards hand-held calculators of the 70ties.

In those days replacement keyboards could be bought. I have repaired several KIM-1s with it. The older revisions were worse than what appeared on later revisions.\
Read this page how to repair some common problems.

Scanned book: Anwendungsbeispiele für den Mikroprozessor 6502

Anwendungsbeispiele für den Mikroprozessor 6502
Herwig Feichtinger

Hardware-Tips und nützliche Programmierbeispeile in Maschinensprache


KIM-1 Simulator V1.1.2

Updates for the KIM-1 Simulator, now V1.1.2
– KIMDLe runs, with free running timer for randomizer (first step towards working timer emulation) and fix of KIM Keyboard return value of No key $15
– Fixes for console keyboard handling, German and International settings and uppercase/lowercase handling, width character font now 1 pixel different for Linux and Windows
– Testkeydown first line bug

Executables for Windows, Ubuntu and Raspberry PI OS, sources for Lazarus

MCS6500 Microcomputer Family Programming Manual


High-res quality typeset manual by Pickledlight. Local copy. Check to original for updates!
MCS6500 Microcomputer Family Programming Manual
MCS6500 Microcomputer Family Programming Manual Hardcover